文学 类型
可以朗读 语音朗读
630千字 字数
2000-08-01 发行日期
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主编推荐语

房龙用生动流畅的文字，将人类数千年的文明发展史呈现在读者的面前。

内容简介

他从远古讲起，讲述埃及和美索不达米亚文明的源起，讲述希腊与罗马时代的辉煌，沿着宗教兴起的线索讲述到中世纪社会的发展和演变，从城市的兴起、文艺复兴、讲述到世界性的变革和各国的革命。在追溯到一些主要国家的历史线索时，也讲述了一些重要历史人物的故事，评述他们的功过。

目录

  • COPYRIGHT
  • To JIMMIE
  • FOREWORD
  • THE SETTING OF THE STAGE
  • OUR EARLIEST ANCESTORS
  • PREHISTORIC MAN PREHISTORIC MAN BEGINS TO MAKE THINGS FOR HIMSELF
  • HIEROGLYPHICS THE EGYPTIANS INVENT THE ART OF WRITING AND THE RECORD OF HISTORY BEGINS
  • THE NILE VALLEY THE BEGINNING OF CIVILISATION IN THE VALLEY OF THE NILE
  • THE STORY OF EGYPT THE RISE AND FALL OF EGYPT
  • MESOPOTAMIA MESOPOTAMIA—THE SECOND CENTRE OF EASTERN CIVILISATION
  • THE SUMERIANS THE SUMERIAN NAIL WRITERS, WHOSE CLAYTABLETS TELL US THE STORY OF ASSYRIA AND BABYLONIA, THE GREAT SEMITIC MELTING-POT
  • MOSES THE STORY OF MOSES, THE LEADER OF THE JEWISH PEOPLE
  • THE PHŒNICIANS THE PHŒNICIANS, WHO GAVE US OUR ALPHABET
  • THE INDO-EUROPEANS THE INDO-EUROPEAN PERSIANS CONQUER THE SEMITIC AND THE EGYPTIAN WORLD
  • THE ÆGEAN SEA THE PEOPLE OF THE ÆGEAN SEA CARRIED THE CIVILLISATION OF OLD ASIA INTO THE WILDERNESS OF EUROPE
  • THE GREEKS MEANWHILE THE INDO-EUROPEAN TRIBE OF THE HELLENES WAS TAKING POSSESSION OF GREECE
  • THE GREEK CITIES THE GREEK CITIES THAT WERE REALLY STATES
  • GREEK SELF-GOVERNMENT THE GREEKS WERE THE FIRST PEOPLE TO TRY THE DIFFICULT EXPERIMENT OF SELF-GOVERNMENT
  • GREEK LIFE HOW THE GREEKS LIVED
  • THE GREEK THEATRE THE ORIGINS OF THE THEATRE, THE FIRST FORM OF PUBLIC AMUSEMENT
  • THE PERSIAN WARS HOW THE GREEKS DEFENDED EUROPE AGAINST ASIATIC INVASION AND DROVE THE PERSIANS BACK ACROSS THE ÆGEAN SEA
  • ATHENS vs. SPARTA HOW ATHENS AND SPARTA FOUGHT A LONG AND DISASTROUS WAR FOR THE LEADERSHIP OF GREECE
  • ALEXANDER THE GREAT ALEXANDER THE MACEDONIAN ESTABLISHES A GREEK WORLD-EMPIRE, AND WHAT BECAME OF THIS HIGH AMBITION
  • A SUMMARY A SHORT SUMMARY OF CHAPTERS 1 to 20
  • ROME AND CARTHAGE THE SEMITIC COLONY OF CARTHAGE ON THE NORTHERN COAST OF AFRICA AND THE INDO-EUROPEAN CITY OF ROME ON THE WEST COAST OF ITALY FOUGHT EACH OTHER FOR THE POSSESSION OF THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN AND CARTHAGE WAS DESTROYED
  • THE RISE OF ROME HOW ROME HAPPENED
  • THE ROMAN EMPIRE HOW THE REPUBLIC OF ROME, AFTER CENTURIES OF UNREST AND REVOLUTION BECAME AN EMPIRE
  • JOSHUA OF NAZARETH THE STORY OF JOSHUA OF NAZARETH, WHOM THE GREEKS CALLED JESUS
  • THE FALL OF ROME THE TWILIGHT OF ROME
  • RISE OF THE CHURCH HOW ROME BECAME THE CENTRE OF THE CHRISTIAN WORLD
  • MOHAMMED AHMED, THE CAMELDRIVER, WHO BECAME THE PROPHET OF THE ARABIAN DESERT, AND WHOSE FOLLOWERS ALMOST CONQUERED THE ENTIRE KNOWN WORLD FOR THE GREATER GLORY OF ALLAH, THE "ONLY TRUE GOD"
  • CHARLEMAGNE HOW CHARLEMAGNE, THE KING OF THE FRANKS, CAME TO BEAR THE TITLE OF EMPEROR AND TRIED TO REVIVE THE OLD IDEAL OF WORLD-EMPIRE
  • THE NORSEMEN WHY THE PEOPLE OF THE TENTH CENTURY PRAYED THE LORD TO PROTECT THEM FROM THE FURY OF THE NORSEMEN
  • FEUDALISM HOW CENTRAL EUROPE, ATTACKED FROM THREE SIDES, BECAME AN ARMED CAMP AND WHY EUROPE WOULD HAVE PERISHED WITHOUT THOSE PROFESSIONAL SOLDIERS AND ADMINISTRATORS WHO WERE PART OF THE FEUDAL SYSTEM
  • CHIVALRY CHIVALRY
  • POPE vs. EMPEROR THE STRANGE DOUBLE LOYALTY OF THE PEOPLE OF THE MIDDLE AGES, AND HOW IT LED TO ENDLESS QUARRELS BETWEEN THE POPES AND THE HOLY ROMAN EMPERORS
  • THE CRUSADES BUT ALL THESE DIFFERENT QUARRELS WERE FORGOTTEN WHEN THE TURKS TOOK THE HOLY LAND, DESECRATED THE HOLY PLACES AND INTERFERED SERIOUSLY WITH THE TRADE FROM EAST TO WEST. EUROPE WENT CRUSADING
  • THE MEDIÆVAL CITY WHY THE PEOPLE OF THE MIDDLE AGES SAI THAT "CITY AIR IS FREE AIR"
  • MEDIÆVAL SELF-GOVERNMENT HOW THE PEOPLE OF THE CITIES ASSERTED THEIR RIGHT TO BE HEARD IN THE ROYAL COUNCILS OF THEIR COUNTRY
  • THE MEDIÆVAL WORLD WHAT THE PEOPLE OF THE MIDDLE AGES THOUGHT OF THE WORLD IN WHICH THEY HAPPENED TO LIVE
  • MEDIÆVAL TRADE HOW THE CRUSADES ONCE MORE MADE THE MEDITERRANEAN A BUSY CENTRE OF TRADE AND HOW THE CITIES OF THE ITALIAN PENINSULA BECAME THE GREAT DISTRIBUTING CENTRE FOR THE COMMERCE WITH ASIA AND AFRICA
  • THE RENAISSANCE PEOPLE ONCE MORE DARED TO BE HAPPY JUST BECAUSE THEY WERE ALIVE. THEY TRIED TO SAVE THE REMAINS OF THE OLDER AND MORE AGREEABLE CIVILISATION OF ROME AND GREECE AND THEY WERE SO PROUD OF THEIR ACHIEVEMENTS THAT THEY SPOKE OF A RENAISSANCE OR RE-BIRTH OF CIVILISATION
  • THE AGE OF EXPRESSION THE PEOPLE BEGAN TO FEEL THE NEED OF GIVING EXPRESSION TO THEIR NEWLY DISCOVERED JOY OF LIVING. THEY EXPRESSED THEIR HAPPINESS IN POETRY AND IN SCULPTURE AND IN ARCHITECTURE AND IN PAINTING AND IN THE BOOKS THEY PRINTED
  • THE GREAT DISCOVERIES BUT NOW THAT PEOPLE HAD BROKEN THROUGH THE BONDS OF THEIR NARROW MEDIÆVAL LIMITATIONS, THEY HAD TO HAVE MORE ROOM FOR THEIR WANDERINGS. THE EUROPEAN WORLD HAD GROWN TOO SMALL FOR THEIR AMBITIONS. IT WAS THE TIME OF THE GREAT VOYAGES OF DISCOVERY
  • BUDDHA AND CONFUCIUS CONCERNING BUDDHA AND CONFUCIUS
  • THE REFORMATION THE PROGRESS OF THE HUMAN RACE IS BEST COMPARED TO A GIGANTIC PENDULUM WHICH FOREVER SWINGS FORWARD AND BACKWARD. THE RELIGIOUS INDIFFERENCE AND THE ARTISTIC AND LITERARY ENTHUSIASM OF THE RENAISSANCE WERE FOLLOWED BY THE ARTISTIC AND LITERARY INDIFFERENCE AND THE RELIGIOUS ENTHUSIASM OF THE REFORMATION
  • RELIGIOUS WARFARE THE AGE OF THE GREAT RELIGIOUS CONTROVERSIES
  • THE ENGLISH REVOLUTION HOW THE STRUGGLE BETWEEN THE "DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS" AND THE LESS DIVINE BUT MORE REASONABLE "RIGHT OF PARLIAMENT" ENDED DISASTROUSLY FOR KING CHARLES I
  • THE BALANCE OF POWER IN FRANCE, ON THE OTHER HAND, THE "DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS" CONTINUED WITH GREATER POMP AND SPLENDOUR THAN EVER BEFORE AND THE AMBITION OF THE RULER WAS ONLY TEMPERED BY THE NEWLY INVENTED LAW OF THE "BALANCE OF POWER"
  • THE RISE OF RUSSIA THE STORY OF THE MYSTERIOUS MUSCOVITE EMPIRE WHICH SUDDENLY BURST UPON THE GRAND POLITICAL STAGE OF EUROPE
  • RUSSIA vs. SWEDEN RUSSIA AND SWEDEN FIGHT MANY WARS TO DECIDE WHO SHALL BE THE LEADING POWER OF NORTH-EASTERN EUROPE
  • THE RISE OF PRUSSIA THE EXTRAORDINARY RISE OF A LITTLE STATE IN A DREARY PART OF NORTHERN GERMANY, CALLED PRUSSIA
  • THE MERCANTILE SYSTEM HOW THE NEWLY FOUNDED NATIONAL OR DYNASTIC STATES OF EUROPE TRIED TO MAKE THEMSELVES RICH AND WHAT WAS MEANT BY THE MERCANTILE SYSTEM
  • THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AT THE END OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY EUROPE HEARD STRANGE REPORTS OF SOMETHING WHICH HAD HAPPENED IN THE WILDERNESS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN CONTINENT. THE DESCENDANTS OF THE MEN WHO HAD PUNISHED KING CHARLES FOR HIS INSISTENCE UPON HIS "DIVINE RIGHTS" ADDED A NEW CHAPTER TO THE OLD STORY OF THE STRUGGLE FOR SELF-GOVERNMENT
  • THE FRENCH REVOLUTION THE GREAT FRENCH REVOLUTION PROCLAIMS THE PRINCIPLES OF LIBERTY, FRATERNITY AND EQUALITY UNTO ALL THE PEOPLE OF THE EARTH
  • NAPOLEON NAPOLEON
  • THE HOLY ALLIANCE AS SOON AS NAPOLEON HAD BEEN SENT TO ST. HELENA THE RULERS WHO SO OFTEN HAD BEEN DEFEATED BY THE HATED "CORSICAN" MET AT VIENNA AND TRIED TO UNDO THE MANY CHANGES THAT HAD BEEN BROUGHT ABOUT BY THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
  • THE GREAT REACTION THEY TRIED TO ASSURE THE WORLD AN ERA OF UNDISTURBED PEACE BY SUPPRESSING ALL NEW IDEAS. THEY MADE THE POLICE-SPY THE HIGHEST FUNCTIONARY IN THE STATE AND SOON THE PRISONS OF ALL COUNTRIES WERE FILLED WITH THOSE WHO CLAIMED THAT PEOPLE HAVE THE RIGHT TO GOVERN THEMSELVES AS THEY SEE FIT
  • NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE THE LOVE OF NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE, HOWEVER, WAS TOO STRONG TO BE DESTROYED IN THIS WAY. THE SOUTH AMERICANS WERE THE FIRST TO REBEL AGAINST THE REACTIONARY MEASURES OF THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA, GREECE AND BELGIUM AND SPAIN AND A LARGE NUMBER OF OTHER COUNTRIES OF THE EUROPEAN CONTINENT FOLLOWED SUIT AND THE NINETEENTH CENTURY WAS FILLED WITH THE RUMOUR OF MANY WARS OF INDEPENDENCE
  • THE AGE OF THE ENGINE BUT WHILE THE PEOPLE OF EUROPE WERE FIGHTING FOR THEIR NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE, THE WORLD IN WHICH THEY LIVED HAD BEEN ENTIRELY CHANGED BY A SERIES OF INVENTIONS, WHICH HAD MADE THE CLUMSY OLD STEAM ENGINE OF THE 18TH CENTURY THE MOST FAITHFUL AND EFFICIENT SLAVE OF MAN
  • THE SOCIAL REVOLUTION BUT THE NEW ENGINES WERE VERY EXPENSIVE AND ONLY PEOPLE OF WEALTH COULD AFFORD THEM. THE OLD CARPENTER OR SHOEMAKER WHO HAD BEEN HIS OWN MASTER IN HIS LITTLE WORKSHOP WAS OBLIGED TO HIRE HIMSELF OUT TO THE OWNERS OF THE BIG MECHANICAL TOOLS, AND WHILE HE MADE MORE MONEY THAN BEFORE, HE LOST HIS FORMER INDEPENDENCE AND HE DID NOT LIKE THAT
  • EMANCIPATION THE GENERAL INTRODUCTION OF MACHINERY DID NOT BRING ABOUT THE ERA OF HAPPINESS AND PROSPERITY WHICH HAD BEEN PREDICTED BY THE GENERATION WHICH SAW THE STAGE COACH REPLACED BY THE RAILROAD. SEVERAL REMEDIES WERE SUGGESTED BUT NONE OF THESE QUITE SOLVED THE PROBLEM
  • THE AGE OF SCIENCE BUT THE WORLD HAD UNDERGONE ANOTHER CHANGE WHICH WAS OF GREATER IMPORTANCE THAN EITHER THE POLITICAL OR THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS. AFTER GENERATIONS OF OPPRESSION AND PERSECUTION, THE SCIENTIST HAD AT LAST GAINED LIBERTY OF ACTION AND HE WAS NOW TRYING TO DISCOVER THE FUNDAMENTAL LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE UNIVERSE
  • ART A CHAPTER OF ART
  • COLONIAL EXPANSION AND WAR A CHAPTER WHICH OUGHT TO GIVE YOU A GREAT DEAL OF POLITICAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE LAST FIFTY YEARS, BUT WHICH REALLY CONTAINS SEVERAL EXPLANATIONS AND A FEW APOLOGIES
  • A NEW WORLD THE GREAT WAR WHICH WAS REALLY THE STRUGGLE FOR A NEW AND BETTER WORLD
  • AS IT EVER SHALL BE
  • AFTER SEVEN YEARS
  • ANIMATED CHRONOLOGY
  • CONCERNING THE PICTURES CONCERNING THE PICTURES OF THIS BOOK AND A FEW WORDS ABOUT THE BIBLIOGRAPHY.
  • AN HISTORICAL READING LIST FOR CHILDREN
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